Official DSMZ medium: This medium was manually curated by experts from the DSMZ.
Compound | Amount | Unit | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solution A | 930 | ml | - | - | |
Solution B | 1 | ml | - | - | |
Solution C | 30 | ml | - | - | |
Solution D | 10 | ml | - | - | |
Solution E | 1 | ml | - | - | |
Solution F | 1 | ml | - | - | |
Solution G | 20 | ml | - | - | |
Solution H | 10 | ml | - | - | |
1 Solution A is sparged with 80% N2 and 20% CO2 gas mixture for 30 - 45 min to reach a pH of around 6, then distributed under same gas atmosphere into anoxic Hungate-type tubes and autoclaved. | |||||
2 Solutions B, D, E, G, and H are autoclaved separately under 100% N2 gas. Solution C is autoclaved under 80% N2 and 20% CO2 gas atmosphere. Solution F is prepared under 100% N2 gas and sterilized by filtration. To complete the medium appropriate amounts of solutions B to H are added to the sterile solution A in the sequence as indicated. Adjust pH of the complete medium to 7.6, if necessary. | |||||
3 Note: Addition of 10 - 20 mg sodium dithionite per liter (e.g. from 5% (w/v) solution freshly prepared under N2 and filter-sterilized) just before inoculation may stimulate growth at the beginning. For transfers use 5 - 10% inoculum. | |||||
4 Cultures of Desulfonema spp. show usually improved growth in media containing an artificial light sediment of aluminum phosphate. Alternatively, a viscous medium prepared with 1 - 2 g washed agar per liter can be used (Widdel et al., Arch. Microbiol. 134:286-294 (1983)): Agar (Difco) is washed three times for one hour with distilled water at room temperature. Finally, the agar is suspended (c. 20.0 g/l) in distilled water and autoclaved. 50 ml of the hot agar is added to the hot sterile medium part A (when preparing part A calculated for 1 liter, subtract the volume of the agar solution). After cooling to room temperature complete the medium by adding part B to I. For mass cultures the aluminum phosphate as artificial sediment can be used. |
Compound | Amount | Unit | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2SO4 | 3.00 | g | 3.226 | 22.711 |
NaCl | 15.00 | g | 16.129 | 275.993 |
MgCl2 x 6 H2O | 2.20 | g | 2.366 | 11.636 |
CaCl2 x 2 H2O | 0.15 | g | 0.161 | 1.097 |
KCl | 0.50 | g | 0.538 | 7.212 |
KH2PO4 | 0.20 | g | 0.215 | 1.58 |
NH4Cl | 0.30 | g | 0.323 | 6.031 |
Sodium resazurin
(0.1% w/v) |
0.50 | ml | 5.4e-4 | 0.002 |
Distilled water | 930.00 | ml | - | - |
Compound | Amount | Unit | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2CO3 | 1.5 | g | 50 | 471.752 |
Distilled water | 30.0 | ml | - | - |
Compound | Amount | Unit | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na-acetate x 3 H2O | 2.5 | g | 250 | - |
Distilled water | 10.0 | ml | - | - |
Compound | Amount | Unit | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Disodium succinate | 0.1 | g | 100 | 617.094 |
Distilled water | 1.0 | ml | - | - |
Compound | Amount | Unit | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Clarified rumen fluid , clarified | 20 | ml | - | - |
Compound | Amount | Unit | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2S x 9 H2O | 0.4 | g | 40 | 166.54 |
Distilled water | 10.0 | ml | - | - |
Compound | Amount | Unit | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HCl
(25%) |
10.0 | ml | 2.5 | 68.568 | |
FeCl2 x 4 H2O | 1.5 | g | 1.5 | 7.545 | |
ZnCl2 | 70.0 | mg | 0.07 | 0.514 | |
MnCl2 x 4 H2O | 100.0 | mg | 0.1 | 0.505 | |
H3BO3 | 6.0 | mg | 0.006 | 0.097 | |
CoCl2 x 6 H2O | 190.0 | mg | 0.19 | 1.463 | |
CuCl2 x 2 H2O | 2.0 | mg | 0.002 | 0.012 | |
NiCl2 x 6 H2O | 24.0 | mg | 0.024 | 0.185 | |
Na2MoO4 x 2 H2O | 36.0 | mg | 0.036 | 0.149 | |
Distilled water | 990.0 | ml | - | - | |
1 First dissolve FeCl2 in the HCl, then dilute in water, add and dissolve the other salts. Finally make up to 1000.00 ml. |
1 Rumen fluid from cow or sheep (obtained from fistulated animals or abattoir refuse) is filtered through muslin, autoclaved at 121°C for 15 min and then centrifuged at 27,000 g for 20 min. The supernatant is made anoxic by sparging with 100% N2 gas for 15 min, dispensed under same gas atmosphere into anoxic serum vials to 30% of volume and then stored frozen at -20°C. |
Compound | Amount | Unit | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Biotin | 20 | mg | 0.02 | 0.082 |
Folic acid | 20 | mg | 0.02 | 0.045 |
Pyridoxine hydrochloride | 100 | mg | 0.1 | 0.486 |
Thiamine HCl | 50 | mg | 0.05 | 0.148 |
Riboflavin | 50 | mg | 0.05 | 0.133 |
Nicotinic acid | 50 | mg | 0.05 | 0.406 |
Calcium D-(+)-pantothenate | 50 | mg | 0.05 | 0.21 |
Vitamin B12 | 1 | mg | 1.0e-3 | 7.4e-4 |
p-Aminobenzoic acid | 50 | mg | 0.05 | 0.365 |
(DL)-alpha-Lipoic acid | 50 | mg | 0.05 | 0.242 |
Distilled water | 1000 | ml | - | - |
Last modified: | 06.09.22 |
Source: | DSMZ |
Medium type: | Complex medium |
Final pH: | 7.6 |
Equipment needed: | Autoclave, Filter, Gassing station, Hungate tubes |
Edit in Medium builder |
Detailed instructions for the cultivation of anaerobes including important warnings can be found in the cultivation instructions .
Compound | Conc. [g/L] | Conc. [mM] |
---|---|---|
NaCl | 14.955 | 255.906 |
Na2SO4 | 2.991 | 21.058 |
Na-acetate x 3 H2O | 2.493 | - |
MgCl2 x 6 H2O | 2.193 | 10.789 |
Na2CO3 | 1.496 | 14.11 |
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phyla | 1 | 1 strain |